Although IP addresses do not always reveal the exact locations of devices or their owners, they can provide approximate location information and be used to manage traffic and service performance. Still, IP addresses can be used by malicious actors for illegal and unethical purposes. To protect users, many public platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram, and Discord, are built to keep IP address information private.
An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a numerical label assigned to every device connected to a network. It serves two main functions: identifying your device and providing your approximate location to route internet traffic.
An IP address may be public (the address seen by websites and online services when you connect to the Internet) or private (the address used inside a local network, such as a home Wi-Fi network).
An IP address usually does not reveal a person’s exact identity. However, it can still expose approximate location data, the identity of an internet service provider, and other network-related details.
Different groups often seek access to IP addresses for various reasons, ranging from routine and legitimate to malicious.
Many companies collect IP addresses as part of normal online operations and may use them to:
Hackers and bad actors may look for IP addresses because they believe the information can help them profile, target, or bother someone online. They may try to use IP-related information to:
Platforms and software matter because they control what users can see and what stays private behind the scenes. For instance, a messaging app, social network, or gaming service may process IP addresses internally for security and technical reasons, but that does not mean users can view one another’s network details.
The following factors play a role in whether IP addresses are hidden or visible:

Facebook is a closed ecosystem, meaning all communications (messages, calls, video chats) are routed through its servers. Hence, you can only see your own Facebook IP address and not someone else’s. Facebook Messenger voice and video calls are routed through Meta’s infrastructure to hide users’ IP addresses.
However, hackers sometimes trick people into leaving Facebook and clicking a link they control, such as a personal website or an IP logger, to capture their IP address. Note that using this method to harass people violates Facebook’s Terms of Service.
Instagram operates similarly to Facebook. Therefore, direct messages, calls, and story views all route through Instagram’s server. There is no feature within Instagram that displays the IP address of a follower or person being chatted with.
Discord designed its system to prevent IP leaks to protect users from DDoS and other forms of attacks. Voice and video calls are routed through Discord’s servers, so the IP address is not exposed to the person you are calling. However, hackers may trick Discord users into clicking a link that leads them off the Discord platform to a site they control to obtain their IP address.
Note that tracking someone’s IP address without their consent can be a violation of privacy terms. Also, modern platforms have cloaking measures to ensure that users remain safe from direct network attacks